The crucial event, for the origin of a new species, is reproductive isolation. Biologists need to understand how a barrier to interbreeding can evolve between the new species and its ancestors.
There are three main theories as to how this can happen:
• Allopatric speciation in which the new species evolves in geographic isolation from its ancestor.
• Parapatric speciation: the new species evolves in a geographically contiguous population.
• Sympatric speciation: the new species evolves within the geographic range of its ancestor.
If you're interested in natural selection:
The_theory_of_natural_selection
One of my favorite courses in University
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